Essay --

Postpartum depression affects 8-15% of mothers within a few days or weeks after giving birth. Some mothers experience a mild form of this disorder, while others experience a more rare and intense version. This intensified postpartum depression is known as postpartum psychosis. According to the Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and Law, Nau, McNiel, and Binder (2012) express â€Å"Postpartum psychosis occurs in 1-2 of 1,000 births and frequently requires hospitalization to stabilize symptoms.† These symptoms include: Hallucinations, restlessness, disturbed sleep, insomnia, drastic mood or behavior change, delusional thinking, thoughts of suicide or death, and extreme depression. In The Journal of Women's Health, Sit, Rothschild, and Wisner described postpartum psychosis as â€Å"an overt presentation of bipolar disorder that is timed to coincide with tremendous hormonal shifts after delivery†. Approximately 72%-88% of mothers who experience postpartum ps ychosis (PP) have bipolar illness, schizo-affective disorder or a family history of either which is why PP is classified as a psychotic disorder by the APAA. Many women who are affected by postpartum psychosis are too afraid or embarrassed to come forward and claim the disorder. This is dangerous for both mother and child(ren) as the disorder has a 5% suicide rate and a 4% infanticide rate. Even if there is no physical harm done to the child there may be emotional harm. The behaviors that are exhibited by the mother to the child may â€Å"interfere with the children's emerging cognitive skills...†(Sohr-Preston & Scaramella, 2006). It has been theorized both before and after birth the mothers' health, physical and emotional, may affect the child's cognitive skills later in li... ...omeone do this to their child?†. There have been many similar cases where the mother was found not guilty, so why was Yates found guilty? The answer may come from the website Andrea Yates: Ill or Evil? â€Å"In America, there are no clear standards in court for dealing with mentally ill mothers—not even in the same city.† This is a sad, but true statement. People tend to use their own morals and experiences as how they perceive things. Of course what Andrea Yates did was wrong, but she was also seriously ill. Postpartum psychosis is an extremely scary and dangerous disorder. PP is treatable, however there are no guidelines for treatment at this time. Most patients have been treated using a combination of pharmaceuticals and psychotherapy. Even though treatment options are still being evaluated, the sooner any treatment starts the better off mother and child are.

How Has Popular Recreation Influenced Sport and Pastimes in the 21st Century

How has popular recreation influenced sport and pastimes in the 21st century? Popular recreation was pre-industrial sports and pastimes mainly associated with the peasant/lower class. This could also refer to popular past times at that time. Pre industrial popular recreation accurately reflected society and life in pre industrial Britain. The different activities and sports were supported by a strict class system (The feudal system) sometimes they shared activities such as cock fighting, sometimes they took part in different activities, mob football was predominately lower class and past time such as lawn tennis were upper class. In some cases the different classes had different roles within the sport, for example in hunting the upper class would take part in the actual hunt and the lower class would organise the dogs and tend to the animals. Bare knuckle boxing Bare knuckle boxing was a popular sport that has heavily influenced modern day boxing. Like many pre industrial past times bare knuckle boxing was simple with very primitive methods, had very few rules and was violent which reflected the harsh eighteenth century rural life. It was one of few sports in which upper and lower classes were involved. Some members of the gentry sponsored a lower class fighter and they became their patron. The patron would arrange the contest, put up a stake or wager money and give board and lodging to the performer. The fighters were usually from very poor background and this gave them a chance to earn money fame and status. The patron however did this for prestige and popularity. Modern day boxing is similar in many ways to bare knuckle boxing; there are accepted rules such as not striking a downed opponent, In 1853 London prize fighting ring rules were introduced which stated that fights had to take place in a 24 feet square ring, if the fighter was knocked down he had thirty seconds to rise to his feet and biting, head butting and hitting below the belt were declared fouls. These rules are still in place today but the fundamental difference is boxing gloves and mouth guards for safety and head guards for amateur boxers Lawn tennis Lawn tennis is a variation of the modern game today that is known as tennis. Lawn tennis originated in Britain and was a combination of the game rackets and the Spanish ball game peolta. It was developed and played exclusively by the upper class and had a clear set of rules and etiquette. It wasn’t accessible by the lower classes as they had neither the money nor equipment to become involved. It was created in the mid 19th century just at the start of the industrial revolution. The rules of tennis have been kept largely similar to modern day tennis although like many other past times the equipment has changed as materials became more readily available for inventors to modernise the game. The original rackets were wooden and prone to breakages were as now the rackets are made of carbon-fibre and are lightweight. Mob football Mob football was a mediaeval form of what is now known as association football  which emerged in Europe during the middle Ages. Mob football was very simple with no rules and huge number of players, and any means could be used to move the ball to a goal, as long as it did not lead to manslaughter or murder. These early games of football  were forerunners of modern codes of football such as rugby football  and association football. The origins of the game is not clear but by the Middle Ages these games had generally become annual celebrations and had a tendency to become quite rowdy. Mob football would have more resembled a  riot  than any of its descendants. The sport usually involved groups of men from two connecting villages (or two groups from either end of a single village) fighting to move a ball from one side to the other. The game was associated with the lower classes and frowned upon by upper classes and more so by royalty. A number of monarchs prohibited the sport as it's lack of rules did not accurately reflect Christian life. Each town or village would have played a slightly different game with rules that were not written down. The events were held on public holidays such as  Shrove Tuesday  when men would have been given the day off work. The sport can still be witnessed in some parts of the  United Kingdom, notably Ashbourne where the annual Shrovetide football game attracts people from all around the world. Cruel sports In the 18th century life was tough for peasants and their past times echoed this. Bear baiting, dog fighting and cock fighting were just some of the cruel, violent past times that took place in pre- industrial Britain. Many of these past times took place in the inn’s yard as it was a one of the only ways to socialise as there were very few methods of communication. They were a place for locals to do business, socialize and were a stopping station for coaches. The landlords provided equipment and set up a number of games to boost customer and profit. Many sporting clubs used the pubs as there base and this is still evident today with pubs having pool, darts and football teams. Pubs helped the development and spread of sports around Britain. Religion has been a key factor in the development of sport in Britain. The reformation caused the creation of two new types of Christian religion, Protestantism and Puritanism as well as the original Roman Catholics but after the break away from Rome, the catholic way of life disappeared from Britain. As a result of the English reformation Puritans emerged and they were fiercely against excess, unruliness and drinking associated with contempory recreations. This was a bleak time for recreation in Britain but this only lasted for a short time and Protestantism became prominent and leisure was restored but only for work purposes. The military has also influenced modern day sport and past times. Combat skills such as archery and fencing were originally functional and used in battle but over time these became recreational and with the development of guns, lost their functions. They remain relatively unchanged and archery is an Olympic event and professional sport. Are there illegal activities still continuing? Bare knuckle boxing is now illegal and has been for many years but there is still an underground movement and also many cruel sports such as bear-baiting , dog fighting and cock fighting still unfortunately take place. It was banned in the UK in 1835 but is still present in many less developed countries in the world particularly Latin America. Conclusion Popular recreation in pre-industrial Britain has greatly influenced modern sport as the origins are evident in many sports such as mob football becoming association football and bare knuckle boxing becoming boxing. The popular past times were generally basic with few rules with the exception of lawn tennis and cricket which were developed by the upper class and these led to many variations such as mob football developing into rugby and rugby in turn forming rugby union and rugby league. Without these pre industrial past times many of the modern sports would not have been developed.

We Must Work to Stop Plagiarism Essay - 878 Words

Introduction Plagiarism has become a widespread problem in our society. Plagiarism is categorized as the using of ideas, words, concepts, or beliefs of others, without giving them credit for originating them. It seems as if everyone is looking for the quick and easy way of completing tasks by borrowing from their predecessors. Borrowing ideas or words from those who have come before us and have gained knowledge on a particular subject is what education is all about, however, when someone does borrow or use someone else’s information, they are morally, and often times legally, obligated to give due credit to the source. Plagiarism is a form of cheating, and cheating hurts everyone involved in one way or another. Plagiarism may happen due†¦show more content†¦Many say that advances in modern technology have increased the occurrences of plagiarism. Whether this is true or not, it does make cheating, or plagiarism, much easier to do. The problem with plagiarism is that it is cheating, and cheating is wrong. Most people have been told since they could walk that we should not cheat. So why does it seem so acceptable to cheat in the form of plagiarism? Callahan (2006) surmised that honesty in general, is being challenged by many in our society as an â€Å"old fashioned† concept. There is what I hope to be a misguided concept that everyone cheats now days, and that it is acceptable for the most part, at least to some degree. What does this say about our society when there is an acceptable degree, or level of cheating? It is my opinion that cheating in one area of life will more than likely lead to cheating in other areas as well. When any level of cheating becomes acceptable, people will always push it further. This appears to be the case with plagiarism. Several years back, any and all plagiarism was considered to be dishonest and not accepted, especially in academics. Over the years, plagiarism has gained some acceptance, at least to some degre e. This is where the borrower’s intentions need to be considered. If the borrower did not know they were plagiarizing due to a lack of understanding or knowledge of what plagiarism is, this should not hold the same stigma as someone whoShow MoreRelatedPlagiarism : Ethical And Ethical Responsibilities850 Words   |  4 PagesPlagiarism refers to the purposeful or accidental use of text without properly giving credit to its author. Bucks County Community College, A Statement from the Facility states the following, â€Å"It must help them to make connections among disciplines, help them develop an integrated view of knowledge, and help them recognize that their use of knowledge always carries consequences, as well as moral and ethical responsibilities.† An elaborated look at this sentence defines the responsibility we as studentsRead MorePlagiarism And The Teacher And Student1743 Words   |  7 Pages What is plagiarism? There is no one definition that all teachers bel ieve in. During this paper, I will explore some of the possible answers to this question. Once the teacher has the definition that is used by their school and what they believe it means there is a process that needs to be completed in order to have the students to not commit this error in their judgment. There are many steps that can be taken between the teacher and student so that they all know what needs to be done. BeforeRead MorePreparing for Academic Success at Graduate Level Essay1437 Words   |  6 Pagesmore responsibility as we are now moving towards becoming professionals, therefore we are now writing for other professionals which means our writing needs time, commitment, and accuracy to become graduate level writing. Elements of Effective Written Communication Written communication is the design of clear concise writing, meaning the organization of the paper is structured in a clear incisive manner. Written communication helps to preserve our thoughts or feelings. We tend to use this formRead More Plagiarism Essay1189 Words   |  5 PagesPlagiarism For many, many years schools have been trying to stop students from plagiarizing materials. Detecting this plagiarism used to be easy because students only had access to books in the library, magazines, and encyclopedias. However, as the popularity of the Internet increased, so did the number of essays and papers being plagiarized. Students can easily go onto the internet and in no time at all find and essay on their topic of choice. For a certain fee they can buy the essay andRead More The Problem of Plagiarism Essay1729 Words   |  7 PagesProblem As American education enters a time when the ability to use technology becomes imperative, a time when students will become expected to communicate and work via the Internet, and a time when students will need to be able to find and interpret information efficiently and correctly, secondary school teachers are searching for ways to provide their students with assessments that mirror the expectations those students will face in the workforce. One way to do this is to have students researchRead MoreCheating Is A Word?1496 Words   |  6 Pagestypes of cheating, but one thing that they all have in common is that it is nothing one should aspire to. In this essay we will discuss cheating in the classroom, ways that students cheat, and how I will utilize this knowledge to avoid cheating in the future. Academic dishonesty happens when students cheat in any way, shape, or form that does not represent their true knowledge or work. The Center for Student Rights and Responsibilities at SDSU (San Diego State University) defines cheating in the classroomRead MorePersonal Reflection Essay1035 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Writing is something you do alone. Its a profession for introverts who want to tell you a story but don’t want to make eye contact while doing it† -John Green In order to fully understand my writing abilities and how i comprehend literature it must be said i identify as an INFJ. My primary interest in a subject can be summed up with one question, is it good for people? The more beneficial the subject is to helping mankind the more interest i exhibit. Information which appeal to my feelings andRead MoreAcademic Integrity Essay1305 Words   |  6 Pagesbelief in ones own knowledge and work. It is taking what you know and applying it in a scholarly systematic way without help from any other source that would make any part of the work not their own. It is taking pride and credit for work that is completely theres. Academic dishonesty on the other hand is taking someone elses work and claiming it as your own. So given the shift in trends in this dilemma, why is this shift happening and what is being done to stop it? The first reason that I believeRead MoreEssay On Application Of Nao-Technology1200 Words   |  5 Pagesbody. When its perfected, this method should greatly reduce the damage treatment such as chemotherapy does to a patients healthy cells. Example: Cancer Therapy Electronics Nanotechnology holds some answers for how we might increase the capabilities of electronics devices while we reduce their weight and power consumption. Example: Mobiles, Systems. Batteries Companies are currently developing batteries using nanomaterials. One such battery will be a good as new after sitting on the shelf forRead MoreIs There a Solution? Essay1227 Words   |  5 Pagessomething so ingenious that it will stop cheating in its tracks. However, I feel we should look at every angle before trying to create a plan to motivate students to stop the cheating. There are many different people with many different reasons or ideas to explain why cheating occurs. These people sometimes have a solution that they think will stop cheating, but it usually revolves around one central theme. I believe if we combine all of these ideas, we will be more prepared to formulate a

About the U.S. Department of Labor

The United States Department of Labor is a cabinet-level department in the executive branch of the U.S. federal government headed by the U.S. Secretary of Labor as appointed by the President of the United States with the consent of the U.S. Senate. The Department of Labor is responsible for workplace safety and health, wage and hour standards, racial diversity, unemployment insurance benefits, re-employment services, and maintenance of key labor-related economic statistics. As a regulatory department, the Department of Labor has the power to create federal regulations deemed necessary to implement and enforce labor-related laws and policies enacted by Congress. Department of Labor Fast Facts The United States Department of Labor is a cabinet-level, regulatory department in the executive branch of the U.S. federal government. The Department of Labor is headed by the U.S. Secretary of Labor as appointed by the President of the United States with the approval of the Senate.The Department of Labor is primarily responsible for the implementation and enforcement of laws and regulations relating to workplace safety and health, wage and hour standards, racial diversity, unemployment benefits, and re-employment services. The purpose of the Department of Labor is to foster, promote, and develop the welfare of the wage earners of the United States, to improve their working conditions, and to advance their opportunities for profitable employment. In carrying out this mission, the Department administers a variety of federal labor laws guaranteeing workers rights to safe and healthful working conditions, a minimum hourly wage and overtime pay, freedom from employment discrimination, unemployment insurance, and workers compensation. The Department also protects workers pension rights; provides for job training programs; helps workers find jobs; works to strengthen free collective bargaining; and keeps track of changes in employment, prices, and other national economic measurements. As the Department seeks to assist all Americans who need and want to work, special efforts are made to meet the unique job market problems of older workers, youths, minority group members, women, the handicapped, and other groups. In July 2013, then-Secretary of Labor Tom Perez summarized the purpose of the Department of Labor in stating, â€Å"Boiled down to its essence, the Department of Labor is the department of opportunity.† Brief History of the Department of Labor First established by Congress as the Bureau of Labor under the Department of the Interior in 1884, the Department of Labor became an independent agency in 1888. In 1903, it was reassigned as a bureau of the newly-created cabinet-level Department of Commerce and Labor. Finally, in 1913, President William Howard Taft signed a law establishing the Department of Labor and the Department of Commerce as separate cabinet-level agencies as they remain today. On March 5, 1913, President Woodrow Wilson appointed William B. Wilson as the first Secretary of Labor. In October 1919, the International Labour Organization chose Secretary Wilson to chair its first meeting, even though the United States had not yet become a member nation. On March 4, 1933, President Franklin Roosevelt appointed Frances Perkins to be Secretary of Labor. As the first female cabinet member, Perkins served for 12 years, becoming the longest-serving Secretary of Labor. Following the civil rights movement of the 1960s, the Department of Labor made the government’s first concerted effort to promote racial diversity in the hiring practices of labor unions. In 1969, Secretary of Labor George P. Shultz imposed the Philadelphia Plan requiring Pennsylvania construction unions, which had previously refused to accept black members, to admit a certain number of blacks by an enforced deadline. The move marked the first imposition of racial quotas by the U.S. federal government.

Texas Is A State Of The Wild Frontier - 1605 Words

Texas Texas is a state that is dearly loved by its inhabitants, and even some who do not live there. Despite how many people love it, there are a lot of people who dislike Texas and the pride Texans have for it. Texas fought for independence from a country much larger than itself, and then chose to become a part of the United States, while still reserving the right to secede. Many people do not take into accord the reasons why Texans are so proud. Perhaps the most famous Texans are men who weren’t even born in the state. David â€Å"Davy† Crockett won himself the nickname â€Å"King of the Wild Frontier† after many adventures and fighting many battles. It was said he weighed at least one-hundred-and-eighty-pounds and stood over six feet tall, and†¦show more content†¦Crockett knew of a few of President Jackson’s corrupt ways, and after calling him out on these things, President Jackson, nicknamed â€Å"Old Hickory† used his powers to keep D avy Crockett from serving a third term in Congress. Angered by this, Crockett said, â€Å"If I’m not permitted to serve my own country any longer, my constituents can go to hell, and I will go where people need me, that place being Texas† (Kubiak 87-88). This is a quote that became very popular among modern Texans after being shortened to â€Å"You may all go to hell, and I will go to Texas.† When he arrived in Texas in January of 1836 with twelve other men, he read the oath of Texas allegiance. He turned down a position of command, and stated that he wanted to defend the most defenseless part of the Alamo (Kubiak 102, 90). The first shot fired at the Battle of the Alamo was by Davy Crockett, which caused the first blood to fall. It was reported that Davy Crockett hit his target at least 300 feet away. After the Texan soldiers had been destroyed, Santa Anna sent in his men to find the leaders of the Texans. They found David Crockett amidst a room full of dead Me xican soldiers (Kubiak 91). David Crockett has since been named a hero to all Texans. Alongside Davy Crockett, there were two other men who were seen as leaders of the Texas Revolution: William B. Travis and Jim Bowie. All three of them died together during the Battle of the Alamo. Bowie, who had contracted pneumonia and typhoid, and had no

Victorian England in the opening of Oliver Twist Essay Example For Students

Victorian England in the opening of Oliver Twist Essay During Charles Dickens life he wrote many books, although they are different, but they reflect each other in many ways. I believe the biggest similarity in his collection of books is with Oliver Twist a story of a young boy who lives in an orphanage and Great Expectations which is a story of a young orphan named Phillip Pirrip, or Pip as he is more commonly known.  Both books are semi-autobiographical as they hint upon Dickens life as he grew up in a workhouse and was horrified by the social conditions of Victorian Britain. He used his work to help reform the class system. Few among the social classes recognised or cared about the conditions suffered by children in the workhouses. Some children turned to crime or, worse, died of starvation. Dickens had gone through the anguish of being pulled out of school and put to work in a shoe-polish factory. His father had been sent to a well known debtors prison called Marshalsea and there was no money for Dickens education. To his embarrassment, Dickens was moved to a window at the front of the factory for bystanders to see him as he glued labels on to tubs of shoe polish. The encounter that would leave a lifelong mark on him and played a major part in his inspiration for writing Oliver Twist. Oliver Twist, which was serialised monthly between 1837 and 1839, caused a sensation when it highlighted the troubles of the deprived young and their often horrendous experiences in the foul workhouses, and it begins with a narrator instantly saying things like which I need not trouble myself to repeat and for a long time after it was ushered into this world of sorrow and trouble, it remained a matter of considerable doubt whether the child would survive to bear any name at all. This is showing that Oliver is immediately unimportant to everyone and this is shown especially well when Olivers mum has just given birth to him and the line reads the surgeon deposited it in her arms. I think the choice of words are very good here because the use of the word deposited shows the baby is not very well handled and the choice of the word it shows that the baby isnt considered important because she didnt say him or her. Olivers mum looks up and instantly talks about dying and straight away the surgeon says oh, you must not talk about dying yet with fears of being left with the baby, and while the mother has been giving birth the nurse has been drinking in the corner to an evident satisfaction and just after the mother dies the surgeon says dont send up for me if the baby cries, nurse and with great deliberation he adds Its likely it will be troublesome, give it a little gruel if it is. This shows that the surgeon is only bothered about his own job and his own happiness, we also have the repetition of it again. After Olivers mum dies he is immediately branded as the poorest of the poor based on his mums clothes and the fact that she wasnt married so he was dressed in old yellow calico robes, badged and ticketed after the surgeon says ahh the old story, no wedding ring. This shows that he thinks he has got her figured out just by the fact that she has no wedding ring, even though the list is endless as to why she might not be married. I think there is a quote in this chapter, which really sums up the first part of Olivers life despised by all, and pitied by none meagrely .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50 , .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50 .postImageUrl , .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50 , .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50:hover , .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50:visited , .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50:active { border:0!important; } .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50:active , .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50 .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud31977a8de2b0a84b827dabf2a912b50:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Assignment on 'To Kill a Mockingbird' EssayOliver is covered for under the Poor Law, and spends the first eight years of his life at a baby farm in the care of a woman named Mrs. Mann the boss of the infantile workhouse where Oliver is raised. Along with other offenders against this law,they are also abused and half-starved in her care. Mrs Mann is two-faced as she abuses people lower than her and sucks up to the people above her e.g. she abuses Oliver and sucks up to Mr Bumble. Mr Bumble (also know as The Beadle) likes power, and he uses it to its full. Mr Bumble has a few abiding qualities. Oliver tells Mr Bumble everything on the way to Mr. Sowerberrys, and says, I feel as if I had been cut here, sir, and it was all bleeding away; and Oliver puts his hand to his heart, and looked into Mr Bumbles face with tears of real agony. When Oliver does this Mr Bumble is moved but the problem is that he doesnt act on the fact that he feels sorry for Oliver He does is so he doesnt look like he is a weak man. He seems to think that he wont be respected if he shows pity to anyone. This is one of the examples in which Dickens wants us to see Mr. Bumble as a nice character, and not just a one-sided man. Mr Bumble also gets to wear a special cocked hat that is his pride and joy the hat has three tiers, which I believe represent the class system in place in the Victorian era, Lower class, Middle class, and Upper class. I think this is ironic that Mr Bumble treasures it because he isnt that far up in the class system.

The gas industry

Introduction This project involved calculation of the annual average data of gas prices in US cities. The data was for years 1982 to 2011. The scatter diagram shows the exact movement of the prices since 1982.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The gas industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although the prices have fluctuation both upwards and downwards, the clear pattern is that these prices have been on upward trend overtime. Although the most recent prices are yet to reach the historic high that was recorded in 2008, there is a clear indication that the prices will never drop to the low range of 1990’s. The linear regression analysis shows that the prices are on a positive trend, and they will continue to increase in the next 10 years. Since 1989, the prices of the gas have been increasing steadily. This could perhaps have resulted from tight demand and supply balance, which exposes gas market to tremen dous price swings when unforeseen adjustments takes place in the market – these includes supply constraints resulting from natural disasters and spike in demand that results from weather changes. This report focuses the effects of higher gas prices on our distribution company in the next 10 years. The gas industry is operating under a challenging and a dynamic global marketplace characterized by persistent price surges. Over the recent years, oil price fluctuation has become the order of the day. In spite of this, our delivery company has a challenging task of ensuring it focus on the medium to long-term conditions, if it is to make credible decisions and achieve its growth targets. Investing in people, technology and RD are critical to ensuring a lasting competitive edge (Dybvig Stephen, 1985).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When the prices of natural gas increase, all the end-use consuming sectors are affected significantly. Although the observed trend may be a suitable market reaction to the existing supply and demand, the adjustments to higher prices impacts on both suppliers and consumers of gas. Higher gas prices renders distributors to higher risks. This problem is made even worse by defaults of payments and reduced markets as a result of higher consumption efficiencies and conservation that results from economic or political factors. The reduction in market volumes will force the distributors to adopt cost recovery strategies. Consequently, the financial returns as a result of the potential impact of the market developments will be substantial. Supposing the increased prices of gas will reduce the consumption by the customers, this will cause a lot of problems since the distributors have designed their systems to meet the demand especially on peak seasons. If the consumption fails to recover soon, then this may grind down cost recovery slowly and result into a serious negative effect on the potential for our market growth. Although a delivery company can result to new rates that matches the lower expenditure per customer, this course can be costly and length. The constant price surges since 1989 have worsened problems that results from our distribution market. This surge draws a parallel relationship with the defaults by the customers and increase in late payments.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The gas industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This in turn results to increased costs to the distributors and it may eventually result in bad debts when the efforts to collect the bills fail to bear fruits. Therefore, the distribution companies may result to changing their rates in an attempt to alleviate some of the impacts of reduced volumes of delivery. Although prices may reduce from the historically high of 2008, they appear to have moved to a range considerably higher than that of the 1990’s. If the higher prices will carry on, the problems of reduction in gas consumption per customer, reduction in gas markets, and payments issues are expected to persist in the next ten years. Furthermore, since the prices have gone up, the scale of price fluctuations that occurs daily will perhaps scale up, which will exacerbate the price risk faced by our delivery company (Squires, 1995). Our company has to contend with the mounting uncertainty that is particularly typical of the recent decades. With tighter regulations and new policies to adhere to, long-term planning and strategy are very critical, given the uncertain environment. In a bid to balance the mounting demand and price surge with sustainable and sufficient energy, our company will have to adopt new technologies. As the market continues to become more competitive albeit increased prices, industry analysts have continued to forecast a positive trend in gas demand. Besides demand, there are several other positive trends, including improvements in refining and improved GDP. However, these positive signals cannot be so impressive considering the 2008 economic crisis, which left the industry in tatters.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As such, there is a significant upward pressure on the prices of oil and gas. This is contributed by the geopolitical turbulence that has hit Islamic countries, from Middle East to North Africa, as well as a general speculation of an upsurge in commodities market (Bodie, Kane Marcus, 2009). If the gas prices will continue with the upward trend, then mending up of the economy may come under a threat, which will affect gas demand in the next ten years. This problem will be exacerbated by the fact that the markets are fundamentally oversupplied. As already discussed, the uncertainty that has gripped the industry is constraining unrestrained optimism, which is marked in all sectors, but more pronounced in the downstream sector. In this sector, the uncertainty emanated from the so called refinery ‘golden age’, which took a high toll in 2006 when refiners were enjoying high profit margins as a result of increased oil demand. Therefore, the refining market is still finding a way of avoiding recurrence of such conditions in the future. This incidence left a market full of persistent overcapacity in OECD nations. In spite of the grim prospects, the industry can draw some optimism from adapted tactics for the uncertain market circumstances. Strategizing a business, which is flexible enough to capitalize on the changing market dynamics will be critical to any promising prospects in this industry, in the coming years (Christopherson, Wayne Andrew, 1999). In the analysis, I have predicted that the gas prices will increase to $13.67 in the next ten years. Although there are considerable errors associated with this analysis, this forecast may turn out to be true considering the drastic fluctuation that have been experienced in recent years, in addition to the disturbance that is likely to come from the political and economical factors that have reigned the oil producing giants from the middle east (Banerjee, 1990) Conclusion The analysis shows a clear indicati on that the gas price surge will persist in the next ten years. Certainly, this situation will have a significant impact on the operation of the delivery companies. Mostly importantly, the customers will experience more problems repaying their debts hence imposing extra costs their operations, and also affect their cash flows negatively. In addition, the delivery companies will result to price reductions in response the shrinking demand – this will significantly reduce their profit margins. Albeit the multiple risks associated with prices surges, analysis have predicted that the demand for this commodity will continue to increase in the future, but the delivery companies may continue to suffer because the competition in the market is intensifying. References Banerjee, B. (1990). Financial Policy and Management Accounting. London: PHI Learning Pvt. Bodie, Z., Kane, A., Marcus, J. (2009). Essentials of Investments. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Christopherson, J. A., Wayne, E.F ., Andrew, L. (1999). Performance Evaluation Using Conditional Alphas and Betas. Journal of Portfolio Management, 26(1), 59–72. Dybvig, P.H., Stephen A.R. (1985). The Analytics of Performance Measurement. Journal of Finance, 40(2), 2-56. Squires, J. (1995). Performance Evaluation, Benchmarks, and Attribution Analysis. Charlottesville: Management and Research Association. This essay on The gas industry was written and submitted by user Kason W. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.